Europe

Anne-Raphaëlle Aubry of Bird & Bird explains how Section 1782 and Rule of Procedure 190 offer different pathways for cross-border evidence gathering in European patent disputes, highlighting timing, scope, and strategic considerations for litigants

Selin Sinem Erciyas of Gün + Partners explores the growing alignment between Turkish courts and the Unified Patent Court in applying a strictly technical-functional standard for patent infringement by equivalence

Vítor Palmela Fidalgo of Inventa examines how Portuguese case law diverges from EU rules on acquired distinctiveness, highlighting the Pão de Rio Maior decision and its implications for trademark interpretation and consumer protection

Edward J Farrington of Inspicos explains how G 2/24 confirms that a third-party intervener does not acquire appellant status once all original appeals are withdrawn

Fabian Kiendl and Christian Schäflein of Maiwald examine how AI engineering can yield patentable inventions and consider the protection of such solutions in automotive technology under the European Patent Convention

Managing IP presents a first-person account of EU trademark appeals at the CJEU’s General Court by Peter Gustav Olson of Zacco, based on his experience in multiple cases