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In India, there is no specific legislation for protection of confidential information or trade secrets. However, courts in India have consistently applied principles of common law and breach of contract in enforcing claims for protection of such information. These principles were reiterated by the High Court of Bombay in an order delivered on March 27 2003, dismissing an appeal by Zee Telefilms, a well-known TV production company in India, and upholding the order of an interim injunction granted by a single judge at first instance. By this order, the single judge had restrained Zee from proceeding with broadcasting its television serial Kanhaiyya on principles of copyright infringement and breach of confidential information.

? Europe: The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) has issued brochures to universities in 29 countries in Europe, South America, Asia and Australia outlining the legal and technological issues of online file-sharing networks.

? Australia: Gilbert & Tobin, the law firm, CyberResearch, a technology commercialization and investment adviser, and Intellectual Capital Management Group have launched realiseIP, a strategic intellectual asset management company, aimed at helping Australian companies "provide shareholders with greater return on investments, improve corporate governance, increase competitiveness and reduce the risk of costly IP infringement".

Ingrid Hering, London

Stéphanie Bodoni, London

Members of the European Parliament have voted in favour of a human cloning ban across the EU - but with reservations.

Console game developers are cracking down on illegal manipulation of their software, with two companies threatening legal action against hackers in recent weeks.

The AIDS Healthcare Foundation is set to reopen its patent challenge and antitrust complaint against pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline after a US court threw out an earlier attempt.

The burden of proof no longer falls squarely on the shoulders of importers and retailers in parallel import disputes, Europe's highest court has declared.

Intel Corporation and VIA Technologies have settled a series of pending patent lawsuits relating to chipsets and microprocessors.