Patent cases are becoming more and more complex every day. Biotechnology, nanotechnology and semiconductor manufacturing are just a few of the technical fields that Judges may face when presiding over patent cases. Discovery in patent cases also often involves complex and difficult issues of relevancy and further involves disputes that are time consuming to resolve. District court judges typically do not have engineering or technical backgrounds and the caseload burdens that we place on our judges make it very difficult for them to address the discovery disputes that arise in patent cases. Thus, the question becomes what can a judge do if he/she wants or needs assistance in a patent case. Congress and the United States Supreme Court have given judges numerous options.