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Michel Jolicoeur and Alessandra Romeo, of Racheli & C in Milan, provide a guide to enforcement strategies against counterfeiters

Hungary has had a new trade mark law since 1997. Michael Lantos, of Danubia Patent & Trademark Attorneys in Budapest, examines how some cases have been handled since it came into force

The past decade has seen important changes in Europe’s trade mark regime. Peter Verhaag, of Arnold & Siedsma in The Hague, looks at the impact of these changes

A recent Supreme Court decision in Japan will speed up patent litigation but innocent potential defendants should act early to avoid costly court battles. John A Tessensohn and Shusaku Yamamoto explain why

Claims drafted overseas and filed in Australia are often accepted by the Australian Patent Office without being adapted to local laws. In particular, claims that have been examined and accepted by European or US Patent Offices are often forwarded to Australian patent attorneys for submission as is, or with perhaps with only minor modifications. This is especially the case with modified examination, where an Australian patent may be granted on the basis of a patent granted in the United States, a European convention country, Canada or New Zealand, provided it uses exactly the same wording as the granted patent. This can lead to problems during litigation.

James B Lumenta, of Amroos & Partners in Jakarta, explains how improvements to the Trade Mark Law make it easier to protect rights in Indonesia

Trinidad and Tobago is a more attractive litigation forum than it first appears. Brien de Gannes, of JD Sellier & Company in Port of Spain, provides an insight into resolving trade mark disputes in the country

Boudewijn van Vondelen and Alexander van Laaren examine how you can protect shop designs against imitators in the Netherlands

The world's biggest selling drug is under attack on both sides of the Atlantic as its patent expiry looms. AstraZeneca, maker of Losec, has been accused of breaching European competition rules, and is also facing litigation to stop US companies bringing out generic versions of the drug.

In the rapidly developing software market questions often arise regarding proper protection of program names. Of course, program names can be registered as trade marks. On the other hand, many software developers are not aware of the fact that program names may enjoy protection in Germany as titles of works. Titles of works are defined as designations of printed publications, cinematographic works, musical and dramatic works, or other comparable works which, according to German case law, include computer programs.