In past contributions, we have reported on the controversy over patent rights and plant breeding rights in The Netherlands. There has been increasing discussion about patents on plant breeding traits in recent years. Proponents of such patents claim that they foster innovation, knowledge-sharing and continued investments in research and development. Opponents argue that such patents are unnecessary because of the IP protection offered by plant breeders' rights, and that patents impede the work of breeders because they can no longer gain access to biological materials, or can do so only after a delay or at a high cost.