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It is well known that European legislation, in accordance with the principle of the single market, provides for the free circulation of products within the European Union. Any attempt to use the exclusive rights conferred by a trade mark in order to prevent or limit the circulation of products within the territory of the Union is coherently considered as illicit by case law. This is in accordance with the so-called principle of trade mark exhaustion.

Wasted opportunties The last few weeks have seen domain names take centre stage with a major WIPO report on the subject and the liberalization of the registration process. But, Ralph Cunningham discovers, not everybody is happy

Secondary evidence can play a vital role in patent litigation.

Biotechnology

Authorities unveil new trade mark measures.

The Romanian Law no 84/1998 on Trade Marks and Geographical Indications introduces major changes in the conditions of extinction of trade marks rights.

In Mexico when someone seeks protection for a title of a periodical publication, a Mexican intellectual property counsel should recommend obtaining copyright as well as trade mark protection as trade mark protection only will not suffice. The Mexican Copyright Law recognizes sui generis protection for titles of publications including magazines, heads of newspapers, newspapers, pamphlets, supplements and guides. The Law also recognizes other types of titles of publications, however for the purposes of this brief they need not be included.

Internet entrepreneurs beware. Registering a domain name does not give you an automatic right to the equivalent trade mark.

Pharmaceuticals:

Due to a substantial general increase in IP activity - increasing numbers of national patent applications etc the need for skilled and well-educated personnel in this field has been continuously increasing particularly during the past few years. This goes for the Swedish Patent Office as well as for industry and private IP practitioners. In order to take care of innovations in industry, one of the best ways is to have in-house skilled IP experts who can promote and recognize internal inventive activity.