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James Nurton, Toronto

Trade mark owners who applied for .eu domain names during the sunrise period should know whether they have successfully obtained their desired domains before the end of this month.

Once again the Swedish legislator has looked into abolishing the traditional teacher's exception, which gives Swedish university researchers and teachers full ownership and control of their research results. The inquiry addresses a few interesting questions, and was motivated by the finding that not enough research results from Swedish universities are used, either commercially or any other way that benefits the surrounding community.

In order to protect their valuable brands from infringement and dilution, American companies often engage in a diligent monitoring of the marketplace for third party uses of marks that may be confusingly similar to their brands. These monitoring programmes typically include a review of every domain name registration which incorporates a formative of the company's particular trade mark. Aggressive trade mark owners will take enforcement measures against third party owners of domain names incorporating formatives of the mark at issue. These aggressive tactics can often lead the trade mark owner into conflict with a foreign entity using the identical mark and owning a domain name registration which incorporates such mark.

On April 7 2006, Dan Brown and The Da Vinci Code were cleared of infringing copyright in The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail (HBHG). The case was brought by Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh, authors of HBHG, against Random House (the publisher of both books).

Emma Barraclough, Hong Kong

Russian law does not allow different medicines to be registered under the same name, and a single medicine cannot be registered under different names. However, medicines that comprise the same basic pharmaceutical ingredients might have different fillers (auxiliary substances) and different dosages, and so should be named differently.

The Act transposing the European Directive on the legal protection of designs (98/71/EC of October 13 1998) to national Spanish law entered into force on July 9 2003.

The Intellectual Property Office Of Singapore has recently issued a consultation paper that proposed a PCT national phase track for national phase entry applications in Singapore. The proposed track entails revisions to existing search and examination timelines and grant fee deadlines for these patent applications.

The legal provisions regarding actions to cancel a trade mark are contained in Article 48 of Law 84/1998 concerning trade marks and geographical indications, specifying that "any interested person" can request a trade mark cancellation if: