On August 26 2008, the IP High Court revoked a JPO decision that rejected a patent application on the basis that it was not directed to a patentable subject matter (an "invention" as defined under Japanese Patent Law), and remanded the case to JPO. The Patent Law defines a statutory invention as "a highly advanced creation of technical ideas utilizing a law of nature." The JPO's examination guidelines provide that if the foundation of a claimed invention rests on a law other than a law of nature (economic principles, for example), arbitrary arrangements (rules for playing a game), or use only those laws (business methods), then these do not qualify as an invention under the Patent Law because they do not use a law of nature.