On January 1 2011 Swiss civil procedural law will finally be unified when the Federal Code of Civil Procedure replaces the 26 cantonal civil procedures. With the new act, as before, each canton has to designate a single first instance court for IP cases, which is competent for hearing cases relating to infringement, validity, ownership, transfers and licences of IP. For patent cases only, this cantonal competence will end for validity and infringement cases (and for actions directed to the grant of a licence) on January 1 2012, when the Swiss Federal Patent Court of first instance will start its work. The president and the other judges of this new court have been elected by Parliament and work for establishing the court's infrastructure is under way.