On June 26 2015, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) issued Circular 11/2015/TT-BKHCN providing guidance on the implementation of Government Decree 99/2013/ND-CP dated August 29 2013 on administrative sanctions in industrial property. The new circular took effect on August 11 2015. Because administrative measures play a very important role in the enforcement of IP rights in Vietnam, Circular 11 was eagerly awaited as it would provide a replacement for Circular 37/2011/TT-BKHCN dated December 27 2011, a document originally designed to provide guidance on the now-expired Decree 97/2010/ND-CP dated September 21 2010. Attempts to implement Decree 99 while referring to the old circular often led to legal barriers and conflicts that were difficult to reconcile.