France: EPO practice: monoclonal antibodies and sequence identity

Managing IP is part of Legal Benchmarking Limited, 1-2 Paris Gardens, London, SE1 8ND

Copyright © Legal Benchmarking Limited and its affiliated companies 2026

Accessibility | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Modern Slavery Statement

France: EPO practice: monoclonal antibodies and sequence identity

Since the first marketing authorisation for a monoclonal antibody (Mab) in the 1980s, the patent system has never stopped adding the fuel of interest to the fire of Mabs ingenuity.

In view of the ever-increasing pace of technological progress in this highly competitive field, patent applications are often filed at the stage of Mab prototypes. Patent claims have naturally adapted to this practice in order to attempt to protect not only the Mab prototypes but also downstream developments. In this context, claims based on sequence identity are often sought after by applicants.

However, the EPO practice concerning Mab sequence identity appears rather variable, all the more so given that there is no official guideline in this area. A journey through Board of Appeal decisions and examination files nonetheless enables certain conclusions to be drawn in order for applicants to be in a better position to handle examination proceedings.

Firstly, complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) are intangible for the EPO: a claim focused on a degree of identity of CDR sequences is generally not allowed in Europe. Secondly, two main forms of sequence identity claim seem to be accepted by the EPO. The first form consists of applying the degree of identity to a region broader than the CDRs while specifying that said degree of identity does not apply to CDR sequences. This type of claim has been accepted by the Board of Appeal in the decision T 0516/11. The second form consists of associating the degree of identity with at least one functional feature, which has been encouraged by the Board of Appeal in the decision T 2101/09. This strategy can be particularly useful when the functional characteristic is a reflection of an unexpected property that justifies inventive step.

Thus, it is recommended to define the degree of identity in different ways and to provide fallback positions to combine degree of identity with functional features. It is nevertheless necessary to ensure that all the combinations contemplated have direct and unambiguous support in the original application to satisfy the requirements of Article 123(2) EPC.

marro-nicolas.jpg
boudeau-berengere.jpg

Nicolas Marro

Bérengère

Boudeau


Cabinet Beau de Loménie158, rue de l’UniversitéF - 75340 Paris Cedex 07 FranceTel: +33 1 44 18 89 00Fax: +33 1 44 18 04 23contact@bdl-ip.comwww.bdl-ip.com

more from across site and SHARED ros bottom lb

More from across our site

Evan Lazerowitz, attorney in Robinson + Cole’s bankruptcy and reorganisation group, offers key takeaways for IP interested parties in bankruptcy and insolvency proceedings
While the UK sees heavy IP rankings movement, Germany’s new tiered UPC table signals a shift from early adoption to market maturity
In an exclusive interview, Bernard Ledeboer reveals how a Consolid-backed group of firms wants to expand across Europe, invest in AI and centralise operations to compete at the top tier
Not all private equity firms are the same, so leaders at four externally backed IP firms came together to discuss the frameworks they followed and how they ensured a cultural fit
Top-tier German and Spanish firms are among the advisers on a Europe-wide copyright and licensing tussle concerning the design of the track circuit in Madrid
Partners Alex Wilson and Andreas Kramer say bigger law firm rivals don’t necessarily gain by having a wider jurisdictional reach
VO, which has offices in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany, is the second European IP firm to secure external backing this week
The Bardehle Pagenberg attorneys-at-law discuss the firm’s Managing IP EMEA Awards 2026 success, Unified Patent Court litigation strategy, and evolving European patent trends
A patent battle between two legal tech companies and a loss for Elon Musk’s xAI against OpenAI were also among the top talking points
With drug prices a hot topic in the US, courts are seemingly more reluctant to prevent the entry of generics to the market
Gift this article